Sunday, April 1, 2012

Green Initiatives For Home Improvement and Home Construction

With the rising call for eco-friendly initiatives, more and more homeowners today are getting conscious of the demands of their houses appliances, heating and cooling system, energy consumption, carbon footprint, etc. Thus, they search for more eco-friendly alternatives that can help for sustainable living. In this entry, we will look at some of the most popular green initiatives and home-efficiency tips that can suit to almost any budget, whether its for home construction plan or renovation plan.

1. Knowing the Energy Weak Points of Your Home

Whether you choose to hire a contractor or you do home renovations yourself, it is always good to start with an energy audit of your house. This can be done by thorough inspection where professionals checks for air leaks, combined energy consumption of your home appliances, electrical system, etc. Professionals can pinpoint energy weak points of your house and how much theyre costing you in your monthly bills, and of course, suggest for changes and improvements to address the problems.

2. Controlled Airflow

Outlines and tiny spaces around your doors and windows can cause tremendous waste of your energy consumption. United States Department of Energy estimated that, about 20% of your energy spent in heating or cooling goes to waste, as air literally creeps out through the doors and windows. This problem is quite common in old-houses because of ill-fitted and worn-out doors and windows that can easily warm or cool air to leak into or out of the house.

Your best bet is to repair these leaks with various home improvement tools and methods. Using something as simple as draft-catcher placed under the door can easily seal and control airflow. Addressing this problem is relatively easy, and there are tons of DIY stuff available in home improvement stores for this.

3. Insulation

Blown fill insulation, batting and rigid sheets can definitely provide significant benefits for energy-conscious homeowners, as these insulation materials can avert heat transfer from materials in your house, namely drywall, masonry and wood. You can easily find this stuff in your nearest home improvement DIY shops and install these padding to avoid inside the walls and other energy-consuming drafts and crawlspaces.

4. Develop a Low-impact Lawn

Consider every typical home yard equipment most home owners use; lawn mowers and string trimmers, all these things produce harmful emissions. Also, many fertilizers and pesticides use to grow bountiful gardens can leach into the groundwater, causing water pollution that can easily affect the quality of the water that pours out from your faucets. In addition, badly managed runoff water can easily fill your sewers.

Your best bet for a low-impact lawn is to grow native plants as ground cover, rather than baggy grass seeds. You can also change your landscape from and fit it to your lawn with layers of wild flowers rather than filling it up with rare ornamental plants. This will help you put your lawns water consumption and chemical fertilizers use in minimum. For maintaining your lawn, you can opt for manual lawnmower or electric lawnmower rather than gas-powered machines. You can also cool the temperature of your lawn and protect your house from the harsh solar heating in summer days by strategically placing shade trees.

Whether youre hiring a professional construction company for your home building or renovation needs, it is always better to tell them your eco-friendly needs right at the planning of the construction. This will help you protect your environment and save you from expensive monthly electricity and water bills.

Northern Gas Heating ? the UK?s local supplier of new cetnral heating including renewable energy systems such as Air Source Heat Pumps and Solar Heating systems.

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Layoffs hit Sony Mobile workers in Lund - New Europe


Layoffs hit Sony Mobile workers in Lund
New Europe
Swedish housing cooperative HSB has announced that it plans to sell the Turning Torso skyscraper in Malmo, one of the city's most prominent landmark and a symbol of its recent process of regeneration, The Local reported. "Through the sale, HSB Malmo ...

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Saturday, March 31, 2012

Romney holding lead over Santorum in Wisc. but Obama tops both (Los Angeles Times)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories Stories, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

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Premier calls Arab summit 'turning point' for Iraq

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The matter of your brain

Sumit Paul-Choudhury, editor

1st-pic-imageserv.jpgMy Soul, 2005, Katharine Dowson (Image: Image courtesy of the artist and GV Art)

LOOKING at your own brain is a humbling and slightly unnerving experience. Mine, depicted in a freshly acquired MRI scan, is startlingly intricate, compact - and baffling. This is as much of a portrait of my own mind as I am ever likely to see. But to my ignorant eyes (which, by way of an eerie bonus, are now looking at their own cross-sections) it looks pretty much like any other brain.

Apparently a more expert eye wouldn't help. "Whilst all my participants get very excited about seeing their brain for the first time after being scanned, and I frequently get asked 'What can you tell me about my brain?', the reality is that the brain will for a long time yet remain a mysterious mass," says the neuroscientist who scanned my brain, for research purposes. "We must be content with knowing that the 'I' is constructed in its intricacies, but we cannot explain how.?

The hope of closing the gap between the physical and mental is presumably what gets neuroscientists up in the morning, but it?s frustrating for a layperson like me. Avowed materialist though I am, I nonetheless rebel against the knowledge that the impassive blob on screen is "me".

This cognitive dissonance was what I took with me to the opening of Brains, a new show at London?s Wellcome Collection, whose subtitle, "The Mind as Matter", suggests that its curators sympathise with my materialist perspective. ?The neurosciences hold out the prospect of an objective account of consciousness - the soul or mind as nothing more than intricately connected flesh,? reads the introduction. But the bulk of the exhibition is dedicated to whole brains, brain collectors and anatomical paraphernalia, with little explicit reference to the brain?s fine structure, or how it might give rise to thought.

This remit is less restrictive than it might sound. Evolution has seen to it that the most vital of our bodily organs is well guarded against intrusion, and as a by-product, well hidden from inspection. Even today, only a small minority of the population have seen their own brains - and many (unlike me, thankfully) have done so only when they had reason to be fearful of what they found.

So the history of attempts to access, visualise and understand the brain is a rich one. But it?s also well worn, and some of the historical material - elaborate anatomical models, kooky phrenological busts and grim-looking surgical implements - is over-familiar. The scientific objects are more compelling, albeit they also tend to the grotesque - from the arachnid contraptions used to measure skull size to the spools of finely-sliced mouse-brains on tape.

Much of the fascination lies not in the objects themselves, but in the human stories behind them, told in captions whose straight-facedness sometimes comes across as drollery or clinical detachment. Trepanning tools fashioned from flint and animal teeth ?would have taken longer to cut through the skull than more modern instruments?, one informs us drily; the American Anthropometric Society was ?basically a club to enable the leading men of US science to dissect each other,? says another.

Secluded in the skull, individual brains develop relatively few distinguishing features save those given them by trauma, disease or rare accidents of birth. So brains of note tend to be associated with tales of misfortune. That?s often the case with anatomical specimens, but what?s remarkable about the brains on display here is how much they overlap with criminality. Some of the most striking have been acquired from people whose wickedness in life was deemed sufficient reason to deny them dignity in death. In other cases, the moral equation is reversed, with collectors stepping outside the bounds of decency in their desire to possess the brain; the abhorrent nadir being reached with the probable murder of "feeble" children by Nazi doctors.

2nd-pic-imageserv.jpg(Image: Science Museum, London)

The collection?s examples of brains being voluntarily donated are equally remarkable. Persuading someone to donate this most personal of organs is a tough sell, and the historical portion of the exhibition makes much of how appeals to ego have persuaded the great and good to offer up their brains for post-mortem examination. More recently, medical study has provided motivation for would-be donors. Particularly poignant is the tale of Anita Newcomb McGee, a female US army surgeon who gave up her nine-month old son?s brain, along with a photograph and a sketch of his head, with the words ?I want him to benefit the world in some way if possible.?

But this altruism is tempered by the fact that brains, unlike many of our other ?charismatic organs?, cannot conceivably be transplanted. The knowledge that someone else might gain life from my gifted heart is a powerful incentive to donate, but I have less incentive to be generous with my brain - though it would seem that distinction is not made by those who do donate. Perhaps reluctant donors might be won over by the moving photos compiled by artist Ania Dabrowska and social scientist Bronwyn Parry of cheerful would-be donors ranging from an ex-soldier to a headmistress.

And one of the exhibition?s stand-out exhibits might provide further reassurance: a documentary video of anatomists at London's Hammersmith Hospital painstakingly and precisely slicing donated brains into half-centimetre wedges in near-silence. Or perhaps not. This is well sanctioned, respectful science being conducted on freely donated organs for the betterment of human health and knowledge; and yet it nonetheless provokes one of my fellow spectators into muttering, very much to herself: "Wrong, wrong, wrong". For myself, I find the video one of the most compelling exhibits -- perhaps the only one that prompts me to contemplate offering myself up for more than a non-invasive scan in the service of medical science.

Less clear-cut, for me, are the nearby sections of Einstein's brain, preserved under deeply dubious circumstances after his death. Clearly, there's a certain fascination associated with perhaps the most famous brain there ever was; but Einstein's brain is no more legible than any other, and the slim prospect that scientific insights can be gleaned from its study seems poor recompense for the undignified proxying of a great mind by illicitly-obtained fragments of tissue.

3rd-pic-imageserv.jpg(Image: Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images)

The final insult: an accompanying 3D-printed replica of the entire organ, reconstructed for a TV documentary from archive photographs. This absurd resin relic epitomises, for me, the extent to which the objects on display at the Wellcome are imbued with significance by the knowledge that they were once the seats of consciousness. It?s the minds of the audience, rather than the brains on display, that are doing the work.

The Wellcome show confronts its visitors with the gulf between our hard-won knowledge about the form of the brain and our as-yet-meagre understanding of its function, much as my scan did to me. It didn?t narrow the gap between the grey image of my brain and my sense of self; if anything, it widened it. But it did make me appreciate what an amazing gap it is, and marvel anew at the work of those who are seeking to close it.

Brains: The mind as matter is showing at the Wellcome Collection in London until 17 June.

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food and drink ? Blog Archive ? Chocolate Peanut Biscotti

2 1/4 c All-Purpose Flour

2 1/4 ts Baking powder

1/3 c Butter, room temperature

2/3 c Granulated sugar

3 lg Eggs, room temperature

1/2 c (3 oz) semisweet-chocolate chips, melted

1 ts Vanilla extract

3/4 c Unsalted dry roasted peanuts, chopped

1/2 c Mini-size M&M?s candies

White from 1 lg egg

Mix flour and baking powder.

Beat butter and sugar in a large bowl with electric mixer until

blended. Beat in eggs, then melted chocolate and vanilla. Stir in

flour mixture, peanuts and mini-size candies.

Divide dough in half (2 cups per half). Wrap in plastic wrap and

refrigerate 3 hours or until firm enough to handle.

Heat oven to 350 degrees F. Lightly grease one large cookie sheet.

With a fork, lightly beat egg white in a small bowl.

Put both pieces off dough on cookie sheet, about 4 inches apart.

With floured hands, shape into 14?1 1/2-inch logs. Brush with egg

white.

Bake 25 to 30 minutes until firm when pressed in center. (Tops may

crack slightly.) Remove cookie sheet from oven to a wire rack.

(Leave oven on.) Let logs cool 10 minutes, then slide them onto a

cutting board. With a large serrated knife, cut each log diagonally in

30 slices.

Lay slices on ungreased cookie sheets. Bake 8 to 10 minutes longer,

turning once, until dry and lightly toasted. Cool completely on

cookie sheets on wire rack. Store airtight up to 1 month or freeze.

Prep: 20 min. Chill: 3 hr. Bake: 40 min.

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Friday, March 30, 2012

Chinese firm surpasses Exxon in oil production

FILE - In this Thursday, Jan. 28, 2010 file photo, a worker walks past tanks at a Petrochina storage base in Suining, in southwest China's Sichuan province. A big shift is happening in Big Oil: an American giant now ranks second to a Chinese upstart. Exxon Mobil is pumping less oil than PetroChina, a company formed just 13 years ago by the Chinese government to better compete for the world's oil and natural gas. On March 29, 2012, the shift is expected to become official when the Beijing company announces that it produced more crude last year than its 130-year-old Texas rival. (AP Photo)

FILE - In this Thursday, Jan. 28, 2010 file photo, a worker walks past tanks at a Petrochina storage base in Suining, in southwest China's Sichuan province. A big shift is happening in Big Oil: an American giant now ranks second to a Chinese upstart. Exxon Mobil is pumping less oil than PetroChina, a company formed just 13 years ago by the Chinese government to better compete for the world's oil and natural gas. On March 29, 2012, the shift is expected to become official when the Beijing company announces that it produced more crude last year than its 130-year-old Texas rival. (AP Photo)

(AP) ? A big shift is happening in Big Oil: an American giant now ranks behind a Chinese upstart.

Exxon Mobil is no longer the world's biggest publicly traded producer of oil. For the first time, that distinction belongs to a 13-year-old Chinese company called PetroChina. The Beijing company was created by the Chinese government to secure more oil for that nation's booming economy.

PetroChina announced Thursday that it pumped 2.4 million barrels a day last year, surpassing Exxon by 100,000. The company has grown rapidly over the last decade by squeezing more from China's aging oil fields and outspending Western companies to acquire more petroleum reserves in places like Canada, Iraq and Qatar. It's motivated by a need to lock up as much oil as possible.

The company's output increased 3.3 percent in 2011 while Exxon's fell 5 percent. Exxon's oil production also fell behind Rosneft, the Russian energy company.

PetroChina's rise highlights a fundamental difference in how the largest petroleum companies plan to supply the world as new deposits become tougher to find and more expensive to produce.

Every major oil company has aggressively pursued new finds to replace their current wells. But analysts say Western oil firms like Exxon Mobil have been more conservative than the Chinese, mindful of their bottom line and investor returns. With oil prices up 19 percent in 2011, they still made money without increasing production.

PetroChina Co. Ltd. has a different mission. The Chinese government owns 86 percent of its stock and the nation uses nearly every drop of oil PetroChina pumps. Its appetite for gasoline and other petroleum products is projected to double between 2010 and 2035.

"There's a lot of anxiety in China about the energy question," says energy historian Dan Yergin. "It's just growing so fast."

While PetroChina sits atop other publicly traded companies in oil production, it falls well short of national oil companies like Saudi Aramco, which produces nearly 8 million barrels a day. And Exxon is still the biggest publicly traded energy company when counting combined output of oil and natural gas. PetroChina ranks third behind Exxon and BP in total output of oil and natural gas.

PetroChina is looking to build on its momentum in 2012.

"We must push ahead," PetroChina chairman Jiang Jiemin said in January.

PetroChina has grown by pumping everything it can from reserves in China, estimated to contain more than 6.5 billion barrels. It drilled thousands of oil wells across vast stretches of the nation's northern grasslands. Some of those fields are ancient by industry standards, dating close to the beginning of China's communist government in the 1950s.

The commitment to aging fields distinguishes PetroChina from its biggest Western rivals. Exxon and other major oil companies typically sell their aging, low-performing fields, or they put them out of commission.

PetroChina also has been on a buying spree, acquiring new reserves in Iraq, Australia, Africa, Qatar and Canada. Since 2010, its acquisitions have totaled $7 billion, about twice as much as Exxon, according to data provider Dealogic.

Several other Chinese companies have become deal makers around the globe as well. Total acquisitions by Chinese energy firms jumped from less than $2 billion between 2002 and 2003 to nearly $48 billion in 2009 and 2010, according to the International Energy Agency. More times than not, the companies are paying above the industry average to get those deals done.

It's making some in the West nervous.

In 2005, for example, CNOOC Ltd., a company mostly owned by the Chinese government tried to buy American oil producer Unocal. U.S. lawmakers worked to block the deal, asking President Bush to investigate the role the Chinese central government played in the process. Chevron Corp. eventually bought Unocal for $17.3 billion.

"There's a resistance to Chinese investment in (U.S.) oil and gas," Morningstar analyst Robert Bellinski says. "It's like how Japan was to us in the 1980s. People think they're going to take us over. They're going to buy all of our resources."

That's unlikely to happen. It doesn't make economic sense to export oil away from the world's largest oil consumer.

But the Chinese could make it tougher for Big Oil to generate returns for their shareholders. China's oil companies have been willing to outspend everyone and that drives up the price of fields and makes it more expensive for everyone to expand.

"You now have to outbid them," says Argus Research analyst Phil Weiss. "If you can't, you're going to have access to fewer assets."

Longer term, Chinese expansion globally will bring benefits to the U.S. and other economies. By developing as many oil wells as possible ? especially in Africa, Iraq and other politically unstable regions ? China will help expand supply.

"Frankly, the more risk-hungry producers there are, the more oil will be on the market, and the cheaper prices are," says Michael Levi, an energy policy expert at the Council on Foreign Relations.

Despite its swift expansion, PetroChina and other Chinese companies still have much to prove to investors, analysts say.

PetroChina's parent, China National Petroleum Corp., for example, has spent millions of dollars in Sudan to provide highways, medical facilities and shuttle buses for the elderly. Oil companies typically don't do that. All of that increases the cost of business and minimizes the returns for shareholders.

In 2009 and 2010, PetroChina's profit margins for its exploration and production business were only about two-thirds that of Exxon Mobil's. Its stock price has climbed less than 1 percent, in the past year, compared with a 3.7 percent rise in the stock of Exxon Mobil Corp.

"You have to ask yourself: What is the purpose of PetroChina?" Bellinski says. "It is to fuel China. That's it. Although they're a public company, I'm very skeptical that they have any interest in shareholder value creation."

___

Follow Chris Kahn on Twitter at http://twitter.com/ChrisKahnAP

___

AP Business Writer Elaine Kurtenbach contributed to this story from Shanghai.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-03-29-US-Big-Oil-New-No-1/id-f08fd6de5dfe4487b7457234c1cd1c15

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